Sci&Tech History

When I following energy and climate change issues, I realize that this discourse reach beyond how to save the world, yet involve ethics and the whole universe creation. For me, it is quite similar with pantheism who see the universe or nature and God are equivalent. This tendency can be observed through argumentation and impact [...]

Sometimes, it is easier to write down my thought in the internet. Although I put it in a public domain, I don’t have to face people reaction directly. I think it has something to do with emotion-less and neutrality of machine. In another example, people feel more free to use an automatic machine to kill [...]

How can universities or academician play role in nation competitiveness? How about business or government? Can they have a specific role or their role are being re-structured again and again? One way to define their role is through indicators known as cum to decide whether a scientist or academician in the university have play their [...]

Most people will agree that drugs are forbidden in sport event while using high-tech swimsuit or the newest sport shoes technology are allowed. What make those externalities different: is it because one try to manipulate human ability directly in their body while the other don’t? In swimming competition for example, swimsuit technology become one factor [...]

What do we actually refer when we talk about knowledge? Can knowledge be measured or knowledge is something non-calculable and we can only see its existence through performance? Does knowledge has anything to do with school? How things that we study, read, see, and listen influence our action? In an aggregate level, how this tendency [...]

After World War II, US allocated a huge number of research fund to support defense industries. Between 1960 and 1967, the Department of Defense, awarded the Lockheed Corporation, an aerospace giant, more than US$ 10 billion in contracts and General Dynamics $8.84 billion. In 1968 the Pentagon warded MIT $119 million; John Hopkins University $57 [...]